Chinese-Architecture

Why Standardisation Can Liberate Design

A study of classical Chinese gardens and modular systems arguing that standardisation, when properly structured, can support rather than suppress design.

Standardisation and Poetic Space

A visual thesis on how standardisation can liberate design, using classical gardens and the Cai-Fen system to show how shared rules enable poetic space.

The Canglang Pavilion: Mechanism and Poetry in Song Dynasty Space-Making

A visual study of the Canglang Pavilion, using plans, photographs, and analysis to reveal how Song-dynasty space-making achieved both mechanism and poetry.

The Modular Gene of the Canglang Pavilion: Insights from a Song Dynasty Garden's Construction System

A reflective essay on the modular intelligence embedded in the 11th-century Canglang Pavilion, and what it reveals about design freedom within structured systems.